Mechanical Knowledge Sharing

Knowledge Sharing #7 Types of Crude Oil Preheat Furnaces Crude oil preheat furnaces are essential components in refineries, as they raise the temperature of incoming crude oil before it enters the distillation column. This preheating process improves the efficiency of the distillation process by reducing the viscosity of the crude oil, which allows for better separation of its various components. There are several different types of crude oil preheat furnaces, each with its own unique design and advantages: 1. Vertical Fired Furnaces: Description: These furnaces feature a vertical cylindrical shell with burners located at the bottom. The crude oil flows upward through the furnace, being heated by the flames from the burners. Advantages: Simple design, efficient heat transfer, and relatively low cost. Disadvantages: Can be prone to coking and fouling, especially if the crude oil contains high levels of sulfur or heavy metals. 2. Horizontal Fired Furnaces: Description: Similar to ver...

  Knowledge Sharing #6 Crucial Role of Strippers in Atmospheric Distillation Unit of Oil Refinery: Strippers are essential components in atmospheric distillation units (ADUs) of oil refineries. Their primary function is to improve the separation efficiency of different hydrocarbon fractions within the crude oil. How Strippers Work Side Streams: Strippers are typically installed at various points along the distillation column, often at side streams where specific hydrocarbon fractions are drawn off. These fractions, such as kerosene or diesel, may contain impurities or lighter components that can affect their quality. Steam Injection: Steam is injected into the stripper at the bottom. This steam acts as a stripping agent, reducing the partial pressure of the hydrocarbons in the liquid phase. This lower partial pressure encourages the lighter components, such as gasoline or naphtha, to vaporize. Separation: The vaporized lighter components are then separated from the heavier liqu...

  Knowledge Sharing #5 What is the purpose of Atmospheric Distillation Column in atmospheric distillation unit of an oil refinery? The Atmospheric Distillation Column in an oil refinery is a crucial piece of equipment that separates crude oil into various fractions based on their boiling points. It's the first major step in the refining process. Key Purposes: Initial Separation: The column separates crude oil into different fractions, such as light ends (gases), naphtha, kerosene, diesel, and residual oil. Product Production: These fractions are the building blocks for many refined products like gasoline, jet fuel, diesel fuel, and heating oil. Further Processing: Some fractions may require additional processing, like cracking or reforming, to produce specific products. Waste Reduction: By separating the components, the column helps minimize waste and optimize the use of the crude oil. How it Works: Heating: The crude oil is heated to a high temperature and then introduced in...

  𝗞𝗻𝗼𝘄𝗹𝗲𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝗦𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 #𝟰 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗴𝗼𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝗶𝗹 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗵𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗙𝘂𝗿𝗻𝗮𝗰𝗲? 𝗖𝗿𝘂𝗱𝗲 𝗢𝗶𝗹 𝗘𝗻𝘁𝗿𝘆: The desalted crude oil, which has already been heated and mixed with water to remove salt, enters the preheating furnace. 𝗛𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗘𝘅𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲: The furnace is typically designed with a series of tubes through which the crude oil flows. Hot flue gases, generated by burning fuel (such as natural gas or fuel oil), pass over these tubes, transferring heat to the crude oil. 𝗧𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗜𝗻𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲: As the crude oil flows through the tubes, it absorbs heat from the flue gases, gradually increasing in temperature. 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗧𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲: The furnace is carefully controlled to ensure that the crude oil reaches the desired temperature, typically around 350°C to 360°C. This temperature is essential for effective vaporization of the lighter components in the crude oil. 𝗘𝘅𝗶𝘁...